Role of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria in Improving Yield, Yield Components, and Nutrients Uptake of Barley under Salinity Soil

Barley (Hordeum vulgare, L.) is the fourth most important cereal crop in world. Salinity decreases productivity of plants grown under salinity conditions. It leads to deficiency and limited absorption water nutrients, ionic stress, oxidative osmotic imbalance. In saline soil, a field experiment was conducted verify effects nine combinations among three levels bio-fertilizers, i.e., control (without), arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB), as well phosphorus fertilizer recommended dose (RDP) on barley yield, its components nutrients uptake, evaluate useful influences these improve P management stress related yield N, P, K uptake barley. Findings revealed that combination AMF + 100% RDP improved plant height, length spike, spikes weight, number plant?1, weight 1000-grain, straw grain nitrogen (N), (P), potassium (K) by 19.76, 33.21, 40.08, 33.76, 14.82, 24.95, 47.52, 104.54, 213.47, 168.24, 124.30, 183.59, 160.84% first season, respectively. Meanwhile, increase 19.86, 29.73, 40.47, 39.94, 14.92, 47.94, 104.73, 213.33, 168.64, 124.47, 183.86, 161.09% second showed greater efficiency effectiveness compared PSB improving for all studied traits. The results principle component analysis indicated except zero% RDP, 66% high scores positive PC1, where traits were high. Therefore, it inoculate soil with or addition at conditions, (T1) (T2) (T4). use bio-fertilizers has increased tolerance salt this evident from different treatments include bio-fertilizers.